What does a shoulder surgeon treat?

Shoulder specialists treat rotator cuff tears, shoulder impingement, instability and dislocations, frozen shoulder, labral tears, AC joint problems, shoulder arthritis and complex fractures of the shoulder girdle.

Do I need surgery for a rotator cuff tear?

Not always. Many partial tears respond to physiotherapy, activity modification and ultrasound-guided injections. Full-thickness tears, traumatic tears in active patients, and tears that fail conservative care typically benefit from arthroscopic repair.

When is reverse shoulder replacement used?

Reverse shoulder replacement is used when the rotator cuff is severely damaged or irreparable, particularly in older patients with cuff-tear arthropathy or complex shoulder fractures. It restores function by reversing the natural ball-and-socket anatomy.

How long is recovery after shoulder arthroscopy?

Sling protection typically lasts 4–6 weeks, with structured physiotherapy continuing for 3–6 months. Most patients return to overhead activities and sport between 4 and 6 months depending on the procedure.

Home › Conditions › Shoulder

Conditions

Shoulder

From rotator cuff and instability to frozen shoulder and arthritis. Each condition page explains the diagnosis, the conservative options, and the role of surgery when needed.

Rotator Cuff & Tendons

Condition · Shoulder

Rotator Cuff Tear

A common cause of shoulder pain and weakness, particularly in patients over 50. Many tears respond to conservative treatment; for those that need surgery, modern arthroscopic repair restores strong, well-functioning shoulders.

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Condition · Shoulder

Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Pain caused by compression of the rotator cuff tendons against the acromion bone above. One of the most common causes of shoulder pain, most patients improve with structured rehabilitation, addressing the underlying cause.

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Condition · Shoulder

Calcific Tendonitis

Calcium deposits inside the rotator cuff tendons can cause severe, often sudden shoulder pain. The condition is usually self-limiting, most patients recover without surgery, sometimes after dramatic acute episodes.

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Instability & Labral Lesions

Condition · Shoulder

Shoulder Instability

Recurrent dislocations, subluxations or a sense of instability in the shoulder, most often after a first traumatic dislocation. Modern arthroscopic stabilisation reliably restores stability and allows return to demanding activities.

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Condition · Shoulder

SLAP & Biceps Lesions

SLAP lesions are tears at the top of the labrum where the biceps tendon attaches. Often co-occurring with biceps tendinopathy, they cause deep shoulder pain and weakness, particularly in throwing athletes and overhead workers.

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Condition · Shoulder

AC Joint Injuries

Sprains and dislocations of the joint between the collarbone and the acromion, most often from a fall onto the point of the shoulder. Treatment depends on the grade of injury, with most low-grade injuries managed without surgery.

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Stiffness & Arthritis

Condition · Shoulder

Frozen Shoulder

Adhesive capsulitis, a self-limiting but often disabling condition in which the shoulder capsule becomes inflamed and contracted. Most patients recover well with a structured non-operative programme; surgery is rarely needed.

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Condition · Shoulder

Shoulder Osteoarthritis

Wear of the cartilage of the shoulder joint, causing pain, stiffness and progressive loss of function. Modern shoulder replacement (anatomic or reverse, depending on the rotator cuff) reliably restores quality of life when conservative treatment is no longer enough.

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Concerned about a shoulder problem?

Book a consultation at my clinic in Limassol. Together we’ll confirm the diagnosis and discuss the most appropriate treatment option for you.

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